International Journal of Research and Reviews in Applied Sciences. Volume 16, Issue 1(July 2013)

	International Journal of Research and Reviews in Applied Sciences ISSN: 2076-734X, EISSN: 2076-7366 Volume 16, Issue 1(July, 2013) To read and print the PDF files of the Journal Archive you will need to have Acrobat Reader If you have any technical or content problems contact : publisher@arpapress.com
1.	AN UNEQUAL POWER ALLOCATION DESIGNED FOR MIMO SYSTEMS USING CONTENT CHARACTERISTICS
1.	by Julien Abot, Clency Perrine, Yannis Pousset & Christian Olivier
Abstract	This paper presents an Unequal Power Allocation (UPA) strategy for the transmission of a JPEG 2000 Wireless (JPWL) image. To ensure the Quality of Service (QoS), we exploit the channel diversity with a Closed-Loop MIMO scheme. It relies on the Channel State Information (CSI) knowledge at the transmitter side that diagonalizes a MIMO channel into several hierarchical SISO subchannels. In the proposed scheme, the JPWL codestream is divided into hierarchical quality layers passing through the SISO subchannels. According to this strategy, we propose a new content-based precoding algorithm to maximize the visual quality in reception. This algorithm is compared with four other precoders of the literature such as Water Filing (WF), Minimum Mean Square Error (MMSE), Minimum Bit Error Rate (MBER) and Equal-d_min (E-d_min). Indeed, we show that power allocation of these precoders is not suitable to ensure QoS of a hierarchical content. We compare precoders’ performances on a statistical channel and a realistic time-varying MIMO channel provided by a 3D-ray tracer propagation model. Results show that our proposed approach improves the visual quality. We also present a study highlighting the good robustness of the algorithm to channel estimation errors.
Source:	International Journal of Research and Reviews in Applied Sciences July 2013 -- Vol. 16 Issue 1 -- 2013

2.	DETECTION OF VOLTAGE FLICKER IN NOISY SIGNALS
2.	by Federico Muiño, Maximiliano Carabajal, Marcela Morvidone, Carlos D'Attellis & Matías Fabbro
Abstract	The fluctuation of voltage is one of the important power quality events. Different methods have been proposed for estimating the voltage envelope, but the presence of noise is, in general, not considered. A method for estimating the envelope in presence of noise, based on the Hilbert transform and a low-pass filter, is presented. The results obtained from a real signal measured from an arc furnace are shown.
Source:	International Journal of Research and Reviews in Applied Sciences July 2013 -- Vol. 16 Issue 1 -- 2013

3.	ELECTRONIC PREVENTION OF ‘LOW-VOLTAGE-LOAD-DISCONNECT-CYCLING’ IN BATTERY DRIVEN SYSTEMS
3.	by T.I. Imalerio, D.A.Onoja & A.A. Oberafo
Abstract	Electronic comparator switching of battery load at a preset dept-of-discharge (DoD) has been highlighted. Use of NAND gates flip-flop circuit to prevent load voltage oscillation at the DoD is discussed. A precision battery load switching circuit comprising a comparator and a flip-flop has been designed, prepared, tested and results presented.
Source:	International Journal of Research and Reviews in Applied Sciences July 2013 -- Vol. 16 Issue 1 -- 2013

4.	DESIGN AND SIMULATION OF A 20 KHz TO 50 KHz VARIABLE FREQUENCY OSCILLATOR (VFO)
4.	by G.S.M. Galandanci & K.O. Ewansiha
Abstract	A variable frequency oscillator have been design and simulated using electronic workbench software multisim 8.0. It is designed between 20 KHz to 50MHz using a colpitts oscillator configuration. The complete circuit is made up of a 2N3904 PNP transistor amplifier and two tank circuits which form the feedback network. The circuit was simulated and found to oscillate from 4.2MHz to 50MHz when inductor L2 from 1µH to 360µH and from 20 KHz to 4.8MHz when inductor L1 is varied from 1.0µH to 1mH. Result of distortion analysis for 20 KHz and 50 MHz show a low distortion of 0 and 6 respectfully while the grapher view of the spectrum analyzer and the oscilloscope shows good stability, low noise and constant amplitude of oscillation.
Source:	International Journal of Research and Reviews in Applied Sciences July 2013 -- Vol. 16 Issue 1 -- 2013

5.	TIME DEPENDENT NONLINEAR FRACTIONAL SCHRÖDINGER EQUATION WITH TRAPPING POTENTIAL ENERGY DISTURBANCES AN EXPONENTIAL DECAY DISTURBANCE
5.	by Liancun Zheng & Bin Zhao
Abstract	We paper present an investigation for the time-dependent unsteady state fractional nonlinear Schrödinger equation with trapping potential energy disturbances and an exponential decay disturbance. The approximate analytical solutions obtained by the homotopy analysis method (HAM) and the Adomian decomposition technique (ADM). The solutions are shown graphically and the effects of involved parameters on the probability density are analyzed.
Source:	International Journal of Research and Reviews in Applied Sciences July 2013 -- Vol. 16 Issue 1 -- 2013

6.	TERNARY SEMIHYPERGROUPS IN TERMS OF BIPOLAR-VALUED FUZZY SETS
6.	by Ibtisam Masmali
Abstract	This paper represents the concept of bipolar-valued fuzzy ternary subsemihypergroups (left hyperideals, right hyperideals, lateral hyperideals, hyperideals) of ternary semihypergroups.
Source:	International Journal of Research and Reviews in Applied Sciences July 2013 -- Vol. 16 Issue 1 -- 2013

7.	A COMPARISON OF MULTI-WAY SIMILARITY COEFFICIENTS FOR BINARY SEQUENCES
7.	by Matthijs J. Warrens
Abstract	The paper compares three formulations of n-way (for groups of sizen ≥ 2) similarity coefficients for binary sequences. Properties that the similarity coefficients may have in general, not just for specific data, are discussed, and it is investigated how the different n-way formulations are related. Using the n-way Bennani-Heiser coefficients, the similarity between m sequences (2 ≤m ≤n) is always equal to or greater than the similarity between the m sequences and n–m other sequences. n-Way coefficients based on 2-way information lack several of the properties that the Bennani-Heisercoefficients possess. For example, with the former coefficients it is possible to have zero similarity between two objects, but positive similarity between the two objects and a third object.
Source:	International Journal of Research and Reviews in Applied Sciences July 2013 -- Vol. 16 Issue 1 -- 2013

8.	A CLASS OF STRONG LIMITS THEOREMS FOR ARBITRARY STOCHASTIC SEQUENCE
8.	by Xiaojun Cheng, Weiguo Yang & Xiang Li
Abstract	By use of truncation methods of random variables and Doob’s martingale convergence theorem, this paper presents a class of strong limit theorems for an adapted sequence of random variables. Some convergence theorems for martingale difference sequence and a class of strong limit theorems for independent random variables are the particular cases of the results of this paper.
Source:	International Journal of Research and Reviews in Applied Sciences July 2013 -- Vol. 16 Issue 1 -- 2013

9.	INTERVENTION PROJECT FOR PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT PROCESS MANAGEMENT APPLIED TO SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES WHICH PRODUCE DRUGS
9.	by Leticia Milena Arcusin & Germán Horacio Rossetti
Abstract	In this paper an Intervention Project for Management of the Product Development Process (PDP) applied to Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) producing drugs is made. From the analysis of the information provided by the four companies interviewed, it can be concluded that, with respect to activities concerning the Product Development Process, they are at maturity level 1, in a basic level, and within it, in the sublevel 1.4. That is why it is necessary to make a transition between current practices and the situation to be achieved. The Intervention Project proposed aims to make that analyzed SMEs increase their level of maturity. Then, by applying successive Intervention Projects will achieve the appropriate systematization of PDP management.
Source:	International Journal of Research and Reviews in Applied Sciences July 2013 -- Vol. 16 Issue 1 -- 2013

10.	STABILITY OF AN SIR EPIDEMIC MODEL WITH INFORMATION VARIABLE AND LIMITED MEDICAL RESOURCES
10.	by Zhang Xiaohong & Jia Jianwen
Abstract	In this paper, an SIR epidemic model involving information-related vaccination, non-linear incidence rate and the information variable is studied. We get a critical value . When , the disease-free equilibrium is stable, on the contrary, if , the disease-free equilibrium is unstable and an endemic equilibrium appears. We study the local stability and global stability by using the Routh-Hurwitz criterion and the geometric method due to Li and Muldowney, respectively. A numerical analysis is given to show the effectiveness of the main results.
Source:	International Journal of Research and Reviews in Applied Sciences July 2013 -- Vol. 16 Issue 1 -- 2013

11.	ON ϕ- SYMMETRIC K- CONTACT MANIFOLDS
11.	by Rajendra Prasad & Vibha Srivastava
Abstract	In the present paper we study ϕ-symmetric and ϕ-Ricci symmetric K-Contact manifold. We also discussed ϕ-symmetric and ϕ-Ricci symmetric K-Contact manifold in three-dimensional cases. An example of three-dimensional ϕ-Ricci symmetric K-Contact manifold constructed for illustration.
Source:	International Journal of Research and Reviews in Applied Sciences July 2013 -- Vol. 16 Issue 1 -- 2013

12.	FIXED POINT AND HYERS-ULAM-RASSIAS STABILITY OF A QUADRATIC FUNCTIONAL EQUATION IN BANACH SPACES
12.	by E. Movahednia
Abstract	In this paper, using the fixed point alternative approach, we prove the Hyers Ulam-Rassias stability.
Source:	International Journal of Research and Reviews in Applied Sciences July 2013 -- Vol. 16 Issue 1 -- 2013

13.	EFFECT OF ASCORBIC ACID, ACTIVATED CARBON AND LIGHT DURATION ON EXPLANT BROWNING OF BANANA CULTIVAR BARANGAN (Musa acuminata L.) IN VITRO CULTURE
13.	by Kusuma Kariyana & Nisyawati
Abstract	The research was conducted to determine the effect of ascorbic acid (50 mgl^-1, 100 mgl^-1, 200 mgl^-1) and activated charcoal (0.5 gl^-1, 1 gl^-1, 2 gl^-1) independently with different light duration (darkness for 4 weeks, 16 hours light for 4 weeks and 2 weeks in darkness followed by 2 weeks in16 hours light) on explant browning. Explants of banana cultivar Barangan (Musa acuminata L.) were planted on MS basal media supplemented with 1.6 mgl^-1 IAA, 4.0 mgl^-1 BAP and cultured for 4 weeks. At the end of the experiment, degree of explant browning and height of explant were evaluated. Ascorbic acid (50 mgl^-1, 100 mgl^-1, 200 mgl^-1) as well as activated charcoal (0.5 gl^-1, 1 gl^-1, 2 gl^-1) could be used in reducing explant browning but the most suitable media is activated charcoal in concentration of 2 gl^-1 cultured in darkness for 4 weeks. Height of explant on media with ascorbic acid as well as activated charcoal with all light duration was not influenced by explant browning except in browning level 4.
Source:	International Journal of Research and Reviews in Applied Sciences July 2013 -- Vol. 16 Issue 1 -- 2013

14.	STUDY PROFITS DISCLOSED IN THE FINANCIAL STATEMENT PREPARED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE LEGISLATIONS REGULATING THE INSURANCE COMPANIES FROM THE POINT OF VIEW INCOME AND SALES TAX
14.	by Suleiman Hussien Al-Beshtawi
Abstract	This study aims to analyze the gap between the Regulations of Jordanian insurance companies legislation and Jordanian Income and Sales tax Department, which recognizes only some acts related to the revenues and expenses according to the principles and basics accepted internationally, where this affected the allocated value of the bad debts. (debtors' receivables, re insurance companies receivables, notes receivable). This study involved the Jordanian insurance companies. It targeted in particular The Holy land Insurance Co. as a sample to apply and implement the scientific method. It is financial tables were analyzed for the fiscal year 2010 qualitatively with the necessary comparisons to reveal the gap resulted from the works of the company and its financial position according to the legislations of the Commission of Regulating the Business of the Insurance sector and comparing that with results consistent with the legislations of the Income and sales tax Department. The study concluded that the requirements of the Commission of Regulating the Business of the Insurance sector impose a set of actions on the insurance companies when preparing the financial tables revealing it, and implementing the international criteria used in preparing the financial reports. So we can notice the difference between the accountable income and the taxable income. So the study advised a collection of recommendations the most important one is to create a unified committee appointed by the commission of regulating the insurance sector and the Income and Sales tax dept. so as to agree upon the allocates specified for bad debts., agreeable with the international criteria, principles and basics, and not contradicting with the goals of the Income and Sales tax Dept. and the commission of Regulating the business of the insurance companies. Following that will result in great positive impact on the outcomes of the operating the insurance companies and their financial position.
Source:	International Journal of Research and Reviews in Applied Sciences July 2013 -- Vol. 16 Issue 1 -- 2013

15.	EVALUATE THE EFFECT OF INTERNAL MARKETING ON EMPLOYEES BEHAVIOR (Case Study:Guilan Private Insurance Companies)
15.	by Esmaeel Ramazan Poor, Esmaeel Malek Akhlaq & Mohammad Reza Akhavan
Abstract	Dynamism of growing competition and environmental organizations have to work much more competition will be satisfied with their customers to have won, the other hand new customers. In the organization of services like insurance companies as the factors that can be important to improving quality of services, Internal marketing. A Internal marketing activities in the development of an important organization is customer oriented. The main aim of internal marketing knowledge of the internal and external customers and removing the obstacles in the way to value and quality of services is part of an organization. Present research in order to investigate factors internal marketing behaviors internal customers (Employees) private insurance companies in Guilan province as service organizations have been done. It is investigating the concept of domestic marketing as the reason for confidence-building, job satisfaction and loyalty of employees examine and test. The research questionnaire of literature and research questionnaire derived from the standard, to prove its narrative of the experts also is used. Research method and a description of the kind of solidarity, the research statistics include employees of private insurance companies of Guilan province (Rasht city) among them by using abstract simple 130 staff and finally selected 115 questionnaire used and with Lisrel soft ware analyzed. Values of the model parameters fitted to the suitability of the model .The research indicates: Internal marketing and The trust managers, job satisfaction and loyalty internal customers positive relationship and meaningful.
Source:	International Journal of Research and Reviews in Applied Sciences July 2013 -- Vol. 16 Issue 1 -- 2013

16.	FLOOD PLAIN MITIGATION IN ARID REGIONS (CASE STUDY: SOUTH OF AL-KHARJ CITY, SAUDI ARABIA)
16.	by Mona A. Hagras, Ashraf M. Elmoustafa & Ahmed Kotb
Abstract	Most of Saudi Arabia can be considered a typically arid region where the annual average amount of rainfall varies between 50 and 100 mm. Higher amounts of rainfall are restricted to the Red Sea escarpment and to the north of Riyadh where annual average values reach 600 mm and 200 mm respectively. The current study aims at presenting the characteristics of the watersheds affecting the southern urban area of Al-Kharj, south of Riyadh, almost completely located inside the flood plain of wadiAlkharj and evaluating the flood hazards associated with higher rainfall events. Detailed field studies were conducted for the study area to inspect the existing drainage works, the conditions of neighboring areas, and the characteristics of the effective wadis. The hydrological study has been carried out utilizing the available data and the flow from wadis affecting the study area were routed through the main paths using the Muskingum approach to evaluate the hydrograph flowing through of study area and the effect of existing dams were also investigated to test their effect on the flood flow hydrograph. In this work, the flood risks were studied and the results are considered the baseline data required to designate the required protection system against these risks.
Source:	International Journal of Research and Reviews in Applied Sciences July 2013 -- Vol. 16 Issue 1 -- 2013

17.	THERMALLY DEVELOPING MIXED CONVECTION IN A HORIZONTAL EQUILATERAL TRIANGULAR CHANNEL
17.	by Thamer Khalif Salem, Raaid R. Jassem & Manar Salih Mahdi
Abstract	An experimental study has been conducted to investigate thermal developing, mixed convection, in a horizontal equilateral triangular channel heated uniformly. An experimental work has been conducted for horizontal equilateral triangular channel, heated uniformly, to investigate thermally developing mixed convection. The channel was (1.5 m) long and constructed from three plane (100 mm) walls to form the equilateral triangular cross section. These experiments had been conducted for range values of (115 ≤ af ≤ 237(W/m²))) of heat flux and for the range (0.0005 ≤ m ≤ 0.0015(kg/sec.)) of air mass flow rate. The test apparatus has been manufactured first, Then a thermocouples have been stickled in proper positions. Then many readings, for temperatures, have been registered for each thermocouple. These readings have been taken for different speeds of the outlet air (from the Equilateral triangular channel). Five tests for the heat flux have been conducted, for each one of them three values of air mass flow-rate have been used. It has been noticed that the surface temperature of test has a proportional relation with the channel length. And this is found for all values of the heat flux and air mass flow-rate . It was found that the temperature ratio and local Nusselt number had increased with increasing the heat fluxes and the mass flow rate. Also it was found that the greatest local Nusselt number value was in the entrance of the channel then it decreased accompanied by growing the thermal boundary layer along the channel.
Source:	International Journal of Research and Reviews in Applied Sciences July 2013 -- Vol. 16 Issue 1 -- 2013