Digital technologies are being embraced by organizations by an accelerating pace. However, despite widespread efforts to capitalize on digitalization process few companies can actually boast of concrete results. There is an emerging strand of literature that assigns success or failure of digitalization process to organizational leadership. This study tested this theory by interviewing fifteen business leaders in Saudi Arabia. In short, the outcome of the study is the conclusion that leadership does matter in digital transformation process. Successful organizational leaders are able to create a strong vision, align and mobilize employees for change to embrace the new ways of doing business. Some practical recommendations are made based on study outcomes and existing literature on leading digital transformation.

We present in this work a configuration of a hybrid system for the mix energy for electrification of rural area in Comoros, with renewable energy source combined with generator energy system. The system studied is composed of photovoltaic cells, a wind coupled with a generator with batteries for the storage. The use of photovoltaic energy in rural areas is undoubtedly of great advantage, because of its ease of implementation and the little maintenance it requires. But, know that one Watt delivered by photovoltaic is quite expensive for medium and high power compared to other energy sources. Thus, engineers and experts in the field have been led to couple several energy systems (wind, solar, diesel), in order to make the input variables less a priori and to seek optimization of the storage. Such combinations of energy sources are referred to as hybrid systems. In this work, the performances of the wind-photovoltaic system are presented, as well as the complementarities of these different energy sources. This work allowed us to demonstrate that the combination of different sources of wind-photovoltaic-diesel energy generates a considerable profit, such as the reduction of capital investment on the system.

Our objective is to bring about a significant improvement in the energy system from the point of view of energy, reliability or limitation of the storage part, which is prone to inevitable problems. Indeed, the main objective of this work is to reduce the overall cost of the installations, by optimizing their operation by using possibly auxiliary generators. The results show that wind/diesel generator combination system appears as a feasible solution and is more profitable margins of economic cost with a less expensive investment than in the other cases studied. The results obtained have better optimization of the hybrid system used.